1. ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ
︵1︶ ᠮᠧᠺᠰᠢᠺᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠄ ᠮᠧᠺᠰᠢᠺᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ 1m ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 4~6 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ 2~3 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ kg ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ 60℃ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 12 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 50~100g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠢ 100 × 100cm ᠵᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠤᠨᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 2~3 ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 13.8%᠂ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ 42%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ 2%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ 30%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠤ 12% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵2︶ ᠪᠢᠷᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢ ︵ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ︶᠄ ᠪᠢᠷᠮᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠡᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 2m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 60~70 ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ 2~4 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠷᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30~50g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 20 × 20cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 22.8%᠂ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ 50%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ 1.7%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ 15.3%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠤ 10% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵3︶ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢ᠄ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ 60~80cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 15cm ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 2~3m ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 1.5~3 ᠲᠦᠮᠨᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠷᠡᠮ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 300~400kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~7 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 80~150g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 40 × 40cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 26%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ 1.2% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵ 4︶ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 2~3m ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 60~80cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 4~6 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 10cm ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ 1~2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ kg ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30~50g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 20 × 20cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 2cm ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 21%~29%᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ 5.2%᠂ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ 42%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ 10%᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠤ 11.6%᠂ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷ 0.7% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵5︶ ᠰᠤᠪᠤᠳ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠹᠷᠠᠠᠼᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳ᠋ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 8~10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 2~3m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 4~6 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 2~3 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠷᠡᠮ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 30~50g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 60 × 60cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 3cm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 18.5% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵6︶ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 2~3.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 6000~8000kg ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 4~10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.5kg ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ 1.5 ᠹᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 24.3% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵ 7︶ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠺᠤᠯᠤᠮᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 3.5~4.5m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 20~30 ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ 60~120cm ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 2.5~3.5cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠢᠷ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ 0℃ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠶᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ 2~3 ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 80cm᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 50cm ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ 60~70 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ 1~1.5m ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ 30~40 ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ 1 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 4~7 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 1~2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠱᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠨ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
︵8︶ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠠᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ᠂ 1~1.2m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 20~40cm᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 0.7~1cm᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 10~20cm᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠢᠷ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 1000~1500mL ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 40~50cm ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~5 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 3000~5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃
︵9︶ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠷ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 5~8 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ 1500~2000kg ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 20~30cm᠂ 1.5cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.3~0.6kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ 30cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 20kg ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 20.6% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵10︶ ᠷᠦᠮᠧᠺᠰ K — 1 ᠡᠷᠯᠢᠰᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ 1995 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 1997 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 10~15 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ 1~2m ᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 1.7~2.9m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 45~150cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 5~6 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 1~1.5 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠷᠡᠮ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ᠂ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ AC ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ 70~90cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 30~45 ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
2. ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ
︵1︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 4~6 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ᠂ 1~1.5m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 3000~4000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 25~35kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠤᠭᠤᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠳᠢᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ 35 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ 17᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ 18 ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠲ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ︵新疆︶ 2 ᠨᠤᠮᠧᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠩ ︵甘农︶ 3 ᠨᠤᠮᠧᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠩ ︵关中︶ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠨ ︵晋南︶ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠽᠠᠩ ᠵᠸᠤ ︵沧川︶ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃
︵2︶ ᠰᠡᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 40~50 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠯᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠬᠠᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ᠂ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 20~70cm ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 3500~5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 40kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃
ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 200g ᠦᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 2~3cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 30cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 20% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠢᠲᠷᠤᠳᠤ ᠫᠷᠤᠫᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃
︵3︶ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ︵4~6 ᠵᠢᠯ︶ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ᠂ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 1~1.5m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 50~60cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 2~3 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 2000~3500kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 50kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ 5᠂ 6 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 40~45cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 3~4cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 21% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵4︶ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠴᠢᠷ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 4~5 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 0.7~2m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 2~3 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 1000~2000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 2~5 ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 4000~6000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 20~50kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠬ ᠨᠠᠷᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠤᠨᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠰᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
︵5︶ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ᠄ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.5kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 2cm ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 650kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 5kg ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠽᠤᠲ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃
︵6︶ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1~4m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 0.6~0.8m ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 500~1000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ 1500~2000kg᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 2500~3000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠶᠢᠯᠢᠬ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 1m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ 1.5~2m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 60~80cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 18.2% ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵7︶ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ᠄ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ 1.5~2m᠂ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 1500~5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 3~4kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 3~4cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ 30%~40% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ 1 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠰᠤ᠂ ᠠᠠᠾᠦ᠋ᠢ᠂ ᠾᠧᠨᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠱᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
︵8︶ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠠᠦ᠋ᠰᠲᠷᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ 4~5 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 0.6~0.7m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 40cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~4 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 4000~5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 80~100kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 200~300g ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 2cm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃
︵9︶ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠮᠤ᠋ 70 ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 1.7 m ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠴᠢᠷ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 18% ᠶᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰ᠂ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠢᠺᠷᠤᠪ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠢᠳᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 45%~70% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 25 ᠠᠴᠠ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 31 ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 6kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 4cm ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 25 ᠠᠴᠠ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 5 ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ 50~70cm ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠴᠢᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ 1~2 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 5 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ 3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 2~3 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
︵10︶ ᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠄ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ 2~3m᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ 20~30 ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ 4cm ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 60cm ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 2~3 ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 3000~5000kg ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ 20℃~30℃ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 250mm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠠᠩᠭᠢᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠵᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ 25 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 2kg ᠦᠷᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 30~50cm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 2~4cm ᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1500kg ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠼᠢᠶᠠᠨᠳᠦ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ 50cm ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃