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︵ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ |
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ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠄
2015/10/27
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1. ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ︵1︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠊ ᠵᠢᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ᠋ᠢᠯᠡ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ 4321 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ 1738 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ 350 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ 190 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ︵ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ 20 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ︶᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ 9 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︵2︶ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ 190 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 80% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠰᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ 30 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠧᠷᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠳᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠡᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠯᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠵᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ︵3︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠠᠬᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠳᠡ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 2. ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ 100 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ 30 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 10 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 3. ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ 12 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 65~120mm᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 8 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠳᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠩ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ 2~3 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨᠭᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠳᠤᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠬᠦᠳᠤᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠦᠵᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 5~7 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ︵2︶ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 140~180mm᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 33mm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 6 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠭᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ 2~4 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 6 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ 100 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ 20%~30% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠯᠨ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠦᠷᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠴᠦᠭᠦᠷᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 5~6 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 2᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 13 ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵3︶ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 75~120mm᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ 8 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 40~50cm ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 1~5 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 2m ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ 2.5m ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 3~4 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 4~8 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 10 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵4︶ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 100~210mm᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠫᠤᠭᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠬ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ 8 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠤᠭᠤ ᠴᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠪᠦᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ 5~7 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ 2~4 ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~2kg ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~5kg ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠮᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 4~10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 4᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 20 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ︵5︶ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 150~250mm᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠷᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠨᠢᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠷᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠢᠯᠤᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠨᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠪᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠯ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ 18 ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ 50 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ 50% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~2 ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~8 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵6︶ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠠᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 95~150mm᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ᠂ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ᠂ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷᠯᠢᠬ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 4~10 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~6 ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ 15~30kg ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠶᠤᠤᠮᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠮᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠳᠤ 60kg ᠠᠮᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 10% ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 5 ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~11 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵7︶ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠮᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 160~270mm᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 8 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ 1~2 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 2m ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠨᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠰᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠂ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠭ᠍ᠯᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠭᠢᠨ᠋ᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 5~9᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 17 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵8︶ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠡ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 100~115mm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ᠂ 110mm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠴᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 8 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠯᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠯᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠮᠤᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠤᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠳᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤ ᠭᠠᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠ᠂ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠴᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠪᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 4~6 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵9︶ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠄ ᠮᠠᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 220mm᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 500g᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 750g ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠤᠬᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ 40mm ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 6 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠵᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠳᠡᠯᠡᠭᠢ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 2.5~7.5m᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠢ 13cm᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ 2~4 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 7~9 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠦᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 4~6 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ︵10︶ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 110~120mm᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ 28mm ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 12 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 4᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ 8 ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠴᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠤᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠦᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ 2~4 ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ 1.5m ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 5 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ︵11︶ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ︵ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ︶᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 130~190mm ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ 10 ᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠭᠢᠨᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠡᠩᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠱᠠᠯᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠤᠤᠬᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠰᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠦᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠰᠤᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 3~4 ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 4~6 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ 14 ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ︵12︶ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠄ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 60~75mm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠵᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠭᠢᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠬᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ 6~8 ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 4~8 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 10 ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 4. ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ︵1︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ᠋ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ᠋ᠢᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠡᠰᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠸᠠ ᠨᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ 3%~5%᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 5%~10% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ 30% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠦᠭᠷᠠᠮ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ︽ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠴᠢᠨᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠶᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠸᠢ᠂ ᠾᠧᠪᠸᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠹᠧᠨᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ︵ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 10%~20% ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ 30% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ 200 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ha ᠲᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤᠨᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ 20%~40% ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵2︶ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠡ ᠡᠪᠴᠢᠭᠦᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠤᠬᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ︽ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ︾ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 10~20kg᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 50~60kg ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ 100kg ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵ 3︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠠ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠠᠪᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 90% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ 200 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ 57 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ 25 ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ 10 ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠭᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠸᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ᠂ ᠱᠠᠠᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵4︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠠᠾᠦ᠋ᠢ᠂ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸ᠋ᠨᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠨ᠂ ᠱᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠰᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠦᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 5. ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ︵1︶ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ① ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ 3% ︵ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ 15 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠦ︶ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ 5% ︵ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ 20 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3 ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠠᠬᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ 1~2 ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠭᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ 2~3 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ② ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ 90% ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠢᠭᠡᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠴᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠦᠰᠴᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ 5% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 5%~10% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 10% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ︵ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ︶ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ③ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠄ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠵᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠠᠬᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠳᠤᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︵2︶ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠡ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠴᠤ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠳᠦ᠋ᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ① ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠤᠪᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠤ ᠵᠤᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠯᠵᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠦᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ② ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠦᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ 55~60cm ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶ᠋ᠨᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ 35cm ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 100m ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 88.5% ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 100cm ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ 50cm ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ 74.70% ᠬᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ③ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠭᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠸᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ④ ᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠺᠷᠤᠪ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠺᠷᠤᠪ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠲ᠋ᠡᠭᠧᠨ ᠡᠯᠧᠮᠧᠨ᠋ᠲ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠧᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ① ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠷᠳᠢᠨᠴᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠢᠷᠪᠢᠰ᠂ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠴᠤᠭᠤᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠯᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠰᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠨᠡᠷᠪᠡᠭᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠺᠼᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ② C ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠭᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠦ᠋ᠷᠡᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠳᠤᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 50%~90% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 1 ᠲᠦᠮᠨ ~2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 300~400 ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 2~3g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠤᠯᠤᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠯᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠴᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠮᠵᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠹᠢᠽᠢᠺ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ① ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠬᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠳ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠬᠠ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠴᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠤᠢ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ② ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠯᠪᠡᠴᠢᠬᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢᠩᠹᠧᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠠ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤᠯᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ 20~25cm ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ 2cm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ 1.5cm ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ 15~20cm ︵ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠬ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠬ︶ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠯᠬᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠨᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠨᠢᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠭᠢᠰᠭᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭ᠍ᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ︵ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ︶ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠪᠢᠴᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 3~4mm ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ 1.5V ᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠢᠡᠭᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠪᠡᠴᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠭᠢᠨ᠋ᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠨᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠪᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ③ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠯᠧᠺᠲᠷᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 220V ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠦᠶᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ 1500~2000V ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠤᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠯ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠰᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠶᠢᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠢᠮᠳᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠢᠷᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠤᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ① ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ A. ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠷᠰᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠭ ᠨᠤᠪᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠡᠰᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠯᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠵᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠢᠮᠳᠠᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠶᠤᠤᠮᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠶᠤᠤᠮᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ︵ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠠ︶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠄ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠯᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠸᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ B. ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋᠄ ᠨᠠᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠄ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠯᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠪᠤᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 2%~3% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 10% ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ 3.5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 0.01% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠢ᠂ 5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ 0.5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ᠂ 1% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠫᠢᠷᠲ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠠᠷᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠄ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ᠂ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠺᠤᠤᠯ᠂ ᠫᠷᠤᠫᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠺᠤᠤᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ᠄ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ 2% ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠳ᠋ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠠᠯᠺᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ C. ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠳᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 0.025% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵杀鼠灵︶ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ 2.5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ 1 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ 2 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ 97 ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠦᠯᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ︵敌鼠钠盐︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ 80% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ 0.5g ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠮᠦᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ 1kg ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡ 2%~5% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ 0.5g ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ 80℃ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1~2g ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 80% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ 0.5g ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1%~2% ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ 1kg ᠭᠤᠯᠢᠷ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠬᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ 1~2g ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶ᠋ᠨᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠡ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ② ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 0.1~0.3m ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.1~0.2g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.5~1g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 3~5 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 2kg ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ 5~10 ᠮᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ 5g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠦᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠪᠤᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠦᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠱᠠᠠᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠾᠧᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠩᠳᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠶᠠ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠦᠭᠡᠳᠡ 10m ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠨᠢᠰᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠤᠳᠠ ᠰᠦᠭᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.5~1kg ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~2kg ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 5 ᠦᠷᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠄ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~2g᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3g ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠳᠠ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ 1~2m ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠷᠠᠳᠢᠦ᠋ᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ 50m᠂ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ 30m᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯᠵᠡᠭᠡᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ 20m ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠤᠷᠪᠤᠰ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠭᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠄ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠮᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ 48 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ③ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ᠄ ᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠪ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠶᠢᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠠᠠᠴᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠵᠢᠬᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠾᠯᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠼᠢᠶᠠᠠᠳᠤ ᠺᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋᠂ ᠨᠢᠲᠷᠤᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠤᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠮᠦᠭᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠫᠤᠤᠵᠢᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ 2~3 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ ᠲᠦᠳᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠷᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ④ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ᠄ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠳᠦᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠵᠤᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯᠢᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠬᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯ ᠺᠧᠲ᠋ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠮ᠂ ᠰᠺᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠦᠮᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ᠂ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ⑤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠄ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ 90% ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ 1% ᠯᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠭᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠭᠦᠮ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠨᠠ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠃ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠨᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠠᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠨᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠠᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠭᠤᠨᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠠᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠢᠯ ᠭᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠲ᠋ᠧᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ᠂ ᠨᠢᠲᠷᠤ᠋ ᠹᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠢᠯ᠂ ᠾᠯᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠺᠤᠤᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠦᠨᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠤᠯᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ︵1~2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ︶ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ︵3︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ① ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵杀鼠灵︶᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠢᠶᠧ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵灭鼠灵︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠦ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠠ ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ︵15 ㎡︶ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 60~100g ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ 5~8 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 3~5g ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3000g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ︵杀鼠灵︶ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ 0.05% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠦᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠷᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠷᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ 48 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ② ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠮᠢ ︵杀鼠迷︶᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠢ ᠺᠧ ᠮᠢᠩ ︵立克命︶᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠰᠧ ︵毒鼠死︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠨᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 0.75% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠨᠳᠠᠭ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 0.037% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ 3~5g ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.037% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠢ 3g ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠠ 2~3g 0.037% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠠᠭ᠋ᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠵᠢᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ K1 ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ③ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ︵敌鼠︶ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠶᠧ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠵᠢᠩ ︵野鼠净︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠮ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠭᠦᠴᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠢᠮᠳᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 10g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 6g ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.05% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 10~20g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ 5~10m ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ 10g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠤᠤᠷ᠂ ᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠬᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ④ ᠯᠤ᠋ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠲᠦᠩ ︵氯鼠酮︶ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠨᠠᠲᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ 10 ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠨᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.075% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 10~20g᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.075% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 1.5~3kg ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ⑤ ᠰᠢᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠯᠦᠩ ︵嗅敌隆︶ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠧ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠩ ︵乐万通︶ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠤᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠰᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠠᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠢᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠦ᠋ᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠩᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠬᠠᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 5~15g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 10g᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 2g᠂ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠤᠰᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠤᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1~2g᠂ ᠭᠢᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ 3~5g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠩ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 5m ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 5g ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠯᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯ 7~10 ᠡᠳᠤᠷ ᠠᠯᠤᠰᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ⑥ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠯᠦᠩ ︵大隆︶ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠦ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠱᠠ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠦᠩ ︵杀鼠隆︶ ᠡᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠯᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ 20g ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ 900~3000g ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 20~30g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ⑦ ᠹᠦ᠋ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠲᠦᠩ ︵氟鼠酮︶ ᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠱᠠ ᠲᠠ ᠵᠠᠩ ︵杀它仗︶ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠰᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ 50g ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 4~5g ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠾᠧᠺᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ 1000~5000g ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 3~5g ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 1g ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ⑧ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ᠄ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠷᠭᠡ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ A. ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠄ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠠᠠᠳᠤᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ 2%~3% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠬᠤᠷ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ 5%~10% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 4~6g ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠨᠠ᠃ B. ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠄ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠫᠢᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ 10~15mL ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠢᠷ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠨᠠ᠃ C. ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠄ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠢᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠫᠸᠡᠭᠰᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠭᠢᠨ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠠᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ⑨ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠤᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠢᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠠ᠃ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭ ᠨᠦᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ 0.0037% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠭᠭᠡᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠳᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠭᠵᠢᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ 1 ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ 1~2 ᠬᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠢ ᠹᠤᠰᠹᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠳᠦᠷᠦ᠋ᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠦᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 6 . ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠩ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦ ᠲᠤᠷᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠤᠢ ᠱᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠯᠦᠩ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠮ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ 1᠄ 9᠄ 90 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠬᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠮᠦᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ 0.005% ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠴᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ︽ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠭ᠍ᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠤᠩᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠭᠢᠭᠦ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1 ᠮᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠭᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ 3 ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠴᠢᠭᠢᠭᠳᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠢᠡᠭᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠮᠨᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠮᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ 5m ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠪᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠶᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ 7. ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ︖ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ︵1︶ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠡᠪᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠭᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ︵2︶ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠭᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ︵3︶ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠦᠡᠭᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠠᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠠᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠠᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠴᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠦᠳᠡᠭᠦᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠦ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠤᠯᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ︵4︶ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠭᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳ᠋ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠭᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ① ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠄ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ 15 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ 80% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠠᠠᠳᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ 3% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ② ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠄ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠴᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠡᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ 95% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠨᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ 3% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ 2% ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠠᠠᠰᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ③ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠄ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠠᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ④ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ᠄ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠭᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠷᠮᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷᠳᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠢ᠃ |
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